PSG has now claimed the season-opening cup on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the dying moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.